Rocket, A revolutionary invention

 

As soon as we hear the name of rocket, two concepts come to our mind. One of these concepts is the concept of a rocket with the help of which man stepped into space, which opened new doors of research, while the other is the concept that is used for dangerous purposes, meaning wars, and as a result of which there is a lot of damage happens.

Have you ever wondered what a rocket is and how the idea of making it came to man's mind and how it works?

Any long object that emits hot gases from its rear end and is propelled forward at high speed is called a rocket. The research that has been done so far shows that the world's first rocket was invented in the thirteenth century AD and it was invented by ancient Chinese experts who called the invention "the arrow of the flying eye" and the first use of that invention. In 1232, it was done in the battle of "Kai Fun Fu" in China.

 The front part of these rockets was made of a long iron pipe of 9 inches which contained the explosive material while the back part was made of wood which was ignited. With the fire, the substance would be heated and fall on the enemies. These rockets had a range of 300 to 400 yards.

It is generally written in history books that rockets were developed in India after China. But in fact, after China in 1688, a German scientist made 50-pound and 100-pound rockets, but for the first time a large number of rockets were used for military purposes in 1780 in India in the Mysore war. The rockets used in this war had an explosive weight of 6 to 12 pounds and a length of about 10 feet. These rockets could hit up to 1.5 miles away. Seeing the importance of these rockets, the British also started making rockets and William Congreve of Great Britain started making rockets. In 1801, he succeeded in making rockets similar to those used in the Mysore war. His rockets weighed 32 pounds (14.5 kg) and were used for the first time in 1806. These rockets were launched from a ship. In 1807, Copenhagen, the capital city of Denmark, was attacked with 40,000 small rockets, causing a lot of financial and human losses. After that, the use of rockets in wars became a common practice.

The importance of rockets increased a lot when in 1816, the regular use of rockets in the army and the practice of creating separate military units for them began. Since then, the military importance of rockets has been recognized in many countries.

In the beginning it was used only on some important occasions. In the beginning, not much attention was paid to the method of launching the rocket, but with the passage of time, the need was felt to launch the rocket with an iron bamboo or barrel.

In 1898, a Russian scientist "Konstantin Tsiolkovsky" wrote a book on the calculation rules of the movement of modern rockets, then scientists from Austria, Germany, France, Great Britain, America and other countries also experimented on the development of rockets. Until the end of the Second World War, not only the use of rocket barrels was common, but multi-barrels or multi-stage rockets, which are called rocket launchers today, had started to be used. In the First World War, Germany used 6 barrels and in this way 6 rockets started to be thrown at the same target at the same time, but later Russia demonstrated to throw 48 rockets at the same time and thus the use of multi-barrel rocket launcher started.

In the beginning, rockets were powered by fuel oil, but later the use of jet fuel improved their performance. The world's first rocket that used propellant was designed by an American scientist, Robert Goddard, and was tested on March 16, 1926. After that, in 1931, scientists in Germany also developed rockets using jet fuel. After 1937, attempts were made to develop "radio-guided" and "supersonic" or faster-than-air rockets. Between 1937 and 1944, German scientists began developing the "V Two" rockets that could travel 200 miles from their launch site and reach speeds of up to 3,500 miles per hour.

Due to the invention of the rocket, humanity has suffered a lot, but at the same time, with the help of the rocket, humans have performed such actions that will last until the end of the world. It is the rocket that brought man from the earth to space and traveled to any other celestial body other than the earth, for example the moon.

A long time ago, a German scientist proved by thinking and mathematical theory that if a rocket flew at a speed of seven miles per second or 20,000 miles per hour, it could defeat the gravitational force of the earth and reach the moon. The American rocket "Saturn V" accomplished this feat and surprised the world.

There are two main uses of rockets today.

• Delivering the space station into space

• Use in war as a missile

A missile is also a powerful type of rocket and it has the ability to deliver high-explosive material from one place to another. The best missile in the world is "cruise missile" (cruise missile) which was made during the period of 1960 to 1970 and its speed is 885 km or 550 miles per hour.